Guide · updated 19 October 2026
How are border-system public-private partnerships paid for?
The opened records describe different payment arrangements. IDEMIA's Mali case study describes private financing and passport-applicant vouchers under a Build-Operate-Transfer concession 1. The Gambia audit records a passenger fee divided between Securiport and GCAA 2. MIGA describes a shareholder-loan investment and proposed political-risk guarantee for Indonesia, but does not publish the project's revenue mechanism 3. Financing, revenue collection and guarantee cover are separate facts. None establishes that every PPP is paid for in the same way.
- Mali
- Private financing and applicant-payment vouchers, according to IDEMIA 1.
- The Gambia
- Historical USD 20 security fee, with a contractual 75% and 25% split 2.
- Indonesia
- USD 100 million proposed guarantee for a shareholder loan, not a disclosed contract price 3.
Build, operate and transfer
IDEMIA describes Mali's passport concession as a ten-year BOT agreement signed in October 2015. It says the company funded the project and handled applicant payments through its local delivery arrangements. The source does not confirm an actual end-of-term handover or publish a revenue split 1.
A fee can create government liabilities
The Gambia audit disputed arrears payments after delayed fee collection. Securiport's response said the contract made government liable when the IATA collection code was not secured. NAO sought legal advice before further payments and potential recovery. The disagreement matters to the funding record, not just the posted fee 2.
A guarantee is not a revenue model
MIGA's Indonesia brief records an application for up to 15 years of cover against listed political risks. It labels the project Proposed. It does not establish issuance or disclose a passenger levy. The USD 100 million figure must not be presented as project revenue or a government contract price 3.
Questions and answers
Does a transfer model prove a completed handover?
No. Mali's company case study describes the contractual model, not evidence that the later transfer occurred 1.
Does the MIGA page prove Indonesia charges passengers?
No passenger-charge mechanism is published in the opened project brief 3.